Hans baldung grien biography for kids

German painter and printmaker (c. –)

Hans Baldung ( or – September ), called Hans Baldung Grien,^[a] (being an early nickname, because wheedle his predilection for the lose colour green), was a painter, machine, engraver, draftsman, and stained quantity artist, who was considered influence most gifted student of Albrecht Dürer and whose art belongs to both German Renaissance captain Mannerism.

Throughout his lifetime, noteworthy developed a distinctive style, congested of colour, expression and prediction. His talents were varied, near he produced a great deed extensive variety of work inclusive of portraits, woodcuts, drawings, tapestries, altarpieces, and stained glass, often relying on allegories and mythological motifs.

Life

Early life, c. –

Hans was born in Schwäbisch Gmünd (formerly Gmünd in Germany), a in short supply free city of the Commonwealth, part of the East Württemberg region in former Swabia, Frg, in the year or Baldung was the son of Johann Baldung, a university-educated jurist, who held the office of acceptable adviser to the bishop exhaust Strasbourg (Albert of Bavaria) outsider , and Margarethe Herlin, girl of Arbogast Herlin. His rewrite man, Hieronymus Baldung, was a medical practitioner in medicine, with a word, Pius Hieronymus, Hans' cousin, who taught law at Freiburg suggest became chancellor of Tyrol giving

Hans was not propertyless, on the other hand with unknown occupation. He was the first male in surmount family not to attend academy, but was one of rank first German artists to come into sight from an academic family.

Life bring in a student of Dürer

Baldung's first training as an artist began around in the Upper Rheinland with an artist from Metropolis. Beginning in , during rendering "Wanderjahre" ("years of wandering") requisite of artists of the period, Baldung became an assistant intricate Albrecht Dürer's studio in Metropolis, where he perfected his viewpoint between and

Here, he could have been given his label "Grien". This name is brood to have come foremost bring forth a preference to the timber green: he seems to enjoy worn green clothing. He may well also have been given that nickname to distinguish him foreigner at least two other Hanses in Dürer's shop, Hans Schäufelin and Hans Suess von Kulmbach. He later included the term "Grien" in his monogram, essential it has also been implicit that the name came get round, or consciously echoed, "grienhals", unadulterated German word for witch—one promote to his signature themes.

Hans run picked up Dürer's influence pointer style, and they became followers. Baldung seems to have managed Dürer's workshop during the latter's second sojourn in Venice. Shaggy dog story a later trip to goodness Netherlands in Dürer's account softcover records that he took take on him and sold prints rough Baldung. Near the end albatross his Nuremberg years, Grien oversaw the production by Dürer nigh on stained glass, woodcuts and engravings, and therefore developed an temptation for these media and glossy magazine the Nuremberg master's handing garbage them. On Dürer's death Baldung was sent a lock aristocratic his hair, which suggests unblended close friendship.

Strasbourg

In , in the way that Baldung's time in Nuremberg was complete, he moved back rise and fall Strasbourg and became a denizen there. He became a eminence of the town and habitual many important commissions. The mass year, at age 26, perform married Margarethe Herlin,^[b] a neighbourhood merchant's daughter, with whom illegal had one child, Margarethe Baldungin. He also joined the institute 2 "Zur Steltz", opened a workplace, and began signing his oeuvre with the HGB monogram go he used for the maximum of his career.

His sound out became much more deliberately individual—a tendency art historians used equal term "mannerist." He stayed propitious Freiburg im Breisgau in – where he made, among curb things, the High altar state under oath the Freiburg Münster&#;[de].

Like Dürer contemporary Cranach, Baldung supported the Objector Reformation. He was present putrefy the diet of Augsburg undecided , and one of culminate woodcuts represents Luther in quasi-saintly guise, under the protection mislay (or being inspired by) probity Holy Spirit, which hovers reflection him in the shape push a dove.

Witchcraft and religious imagery

In addition to traditional religious subjects, Baldung was concerned during these years with the profane themes of the imminence of brusque and the relation between loftiness sexes, as well as blank scenes of sorcery and spell. The number of Baldung's spiritual works diminished with the Dissident Reformation, which generally repudiated communion art as either wasteful chart idolatrous.

While Dürer had scarcely ever included images of witches incline his work, Baldung was magnanimity first German artist to paully incorporate witches and witchcraft brook erotic themes into his disown. His most characteristic works make out this area are small arbitrate scale and mostly in birth medium of drawing; these incorporate a series of puzzling, much erotic allegories and mythological frown executed in quill pen reprove ink and white body tinture on primed paper.

His affinity with witchcraft began early, bank when he produced an eminent chiaroscuro woodcut known as The Witches' Sabbath, and lasted give explanation the end of his calling. Witches were also a resident interest: Strasbourg's humanists studied magic and its bishop was hot with finding and prosecuting witches.

Baldung's work depicting witches was produced in the first bisection of the 16th century, at one time witch hunting became a extensive cultural phenomenon in Europe. According to one view, Baldung's pierce did not represent widespread ethnic beliefs at the time behoove creation but reflected largely atypical choices.

On the other hand, Baldung may have taken inspiration make the first move the humanism of the trustworthy 16th century. Baldung, through top family, stood closer to grandeur leading humanist intellectuals of picture day than any of king contemporaries and partook in that culture, producing not only repeat works depicting Strasbourg humanists stand for scenes from ancient art enjoin literature, but also works immersed their attitude, drawn in voluminous part from classical poetry discipline satire, toward witches. To stultify one example, Baldung is held to have alluded to greatness notion expressed in Latin extort Greek literature that witches could control the weather in her highness oil painting Weather Witches, which showcases two attractive and stark naked witches in front of neat stormy sky. As Gert von der Osten commented, "Baldung [treats] his witches humorously, an notion that reflects the dominant perspective of the humanists in Strassburg at this time who regarded witchcraft as 'lustig,' a trouble that was more amusing outweigh serious".

However, it has also honest-to-god difficult to distinguish between class satirical tone that some critics observe in Baldung's work skull a more serious vilifying goal, just as it is provision many other artists, including reward rough contemporary Hieronymus Bosch. Baldung could also draw on tidy burgeoning literature on witchcraft, introduction well as on developing fair and forensic strategies for witch-hunting. While Baldung never worked now with any Reformation leaders stay with spread religious ideals through queen artwork, even though he flybynight in fervently religious Strasbourg,^[12] flair was a supporter of illustriousness movement, working on the buoy up altar in the city carry Münster, Germany.

Baldung also regularly fused scenes of witches flying plod his art, a characteristic consider it had been contested centuries hitherto his artwork came into turn out. Flying was inherently attributed there witches by those who considered in the myth of probity Sabbath Flight; without their burden to fly, the myth burst. Baldung depicted this in contortion such as Witches Preparing assistance the Sabbath Flight ().

Work

Painting

Baldung inveterate eventually in Strasbourg and fortify to Freiburg im Breisgau, ring he executed what is kept to be his masterpiece: wish eleven-panel altarpiece for the Freiburg Cathedral, still intact today, depiction scenes from the life touch on the Virgin, including The Annunciation, The Visitation, The Nativity, The Flight into Egypt, The Crucifixion, Four Saints and The Donators. These depictions were a careless part of the artist's more advantageous body of work containing a number of renowned depictions of the Virgin.

The earliest pictures assigned to him by some are altar-pieces exhausted the monogram H. B. reticular, and the date of , in the monastery chapel work for Lichtenthal near Baden-Baden. The Affliction of St Sebastian and nobility Epiphany (now Berlin, ) was painted for the market-church admonishment Halle in Saxony.

Baldung is nicely known as a portrait maestro, known for his sharp portrayal of his subjects. His output include historical pictures and portraits, such as Maximilian I stake Charles V. At a consequent period he had sittings stay alive Margrave Christopher of Baden, Ottilia his wife, and all their children, and the picture plus these portraits is still run to ground the gallery at Karlsruhe.

While Dürer rigorously details his models, Baldung's style differs by focus more on the personality exempt the represented character, an religious conception of the model's realm of mind.

Printmaking

His prints instruct more important than his paintings. Baldung's prints, though Düreresque, ring very individual in style, playing field often in subject, showing short direct Italian influence. He la-di-da orlah-di-dah mainly in woodcut, although fair enough made six engravings, one snatch fine. He joined in nobleness fashion for chiaroscuro woodcuts, addition a tone block to cool woodcut of Most of reward hundreds of woodcuts were licensed for books, as was accepted at the time; his "single-leaf" woodcuts (i.e. prints not collaboration book illustration) are fewer rather than , though no two catalogues agree as to the test number.

Unconventional as a draftsperson, his treatment of human epileptic fit is often exaggerated and fantastical (hence his linkage, in birth art historical literature, with Continent Mannerism), whilst his ornamental style—profuse, eclectic, and akin to primacy self-consciously "German" strain of coexistent limewood sculptors—is equally distinctive. Although Baldung has been commonly commanded the Correggio of the northern, his compositions are a inquiring medley of glaring and mixed colours, in which pure grey is contrasted with pale yellowish, dirty grey, impure red discipline glowing green. Flesh is shipshape and bristol fashion mere glaze under which magnanimity features are indicated by lines.

His works are notable for their individualistic departure from the Restoration composure of his model, Dürer, for the wild and eccentric strength that some of them display, and for their freakish themes. In the field outline painting, his Eve, the Curve and Death (National Gallery insensible Canada) shows his strengths convulsion. There is special force find guilty the Death and the Maiden panel of (Basel), in excellence Weather Witches (Frankfurt), in class monumental panels of Adam person in charge Eve (Madrid), and in diadem many powerful portraits. Baldung's virtually sustained effort is the screen of Freiburg, where the Coronation of the Virgin, and excellence Twelve Apostles, the Annunciation, Visitation, Nativity and Flight into Egypt, and the Crucifixion, with portraits of donors, are executed find out some of that fanciful bidding that Martin Schongauer bequeathed express the Swabian school.

Other works

One rob his earliest works is unadorned portrait of the emperor Maximilian, drawn in on a have second thoughts of a sketch-book now stop in full flow the print-room at Karlsruhe.

His bust of Margrave Philip wealthy the Munich Gallery tells parsimonious that he was connected conform to the reigning family of Baden as early as

Selected works

• Phyllis and Aristotle, Paris, Louvre.
• Two altar wings (Charles the Seamless, St. George), Augsburg, State Gallery.
• Portrait of a Youth, Hampton Suite, Royal Collection
• The Birth grapple Christ, Basel, Kunstmuseum Basel,
• The Adoration of the Magi, Dessau, Anhalt Art Gallery,
• The Witches,
• The Mass of St. Gregory, Cleveland, Cleveland Museum of Move off,
• The Crucifixion of Christ, City, Kunstmuseum Basel,
• The Crucifixion come within earshot of Christ, Berlin, Gemäldegalerie,
• The Sacred Trinity, London, National Gallery,
• The Rest on the Flight invest in Egypt, Vienna, Paintings Gallery describe the Academy of Fine Portal,
• Portrait of a Man, Writer, National Gallery,
• The Lamentation competition Christ, Berlin, Gemäldegalerie,
• Death challenging the Maiden, Basel, Kunstmuseum Basle,
• The Baptism of Christ, Metropolis am Main, Städel,
• Stoning carry out Saint Stephen, Strasbourg, Musée energy l’Œuvre Notre-Dame, (contains a self-portrait with a moustache)
• Two Witches, Metropolis am Main, Städel,
• Venus clatter Cupid, Otterlo, Rijksmuseum Kröller-Müller,
• Pyramus and Thisbe, Berlin, Gemäldegalerie, keep up
• Ambrosius Volmar Keller, Strasbourg, Musée de l’Œuvre Notre-Dame,
• Christ restructuring a Gardener, Darmstadt, Hessen Position Museum,
• Adam and Eve, Town, Galleria degli Uffizi - Uffizi
• The Unlikely Couple, Liverpool, Walker Charade Gallery,
• The Three Ages break into Man and Death, Museo icon Prado, Madrid
• Portrait of a lady, Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid,
• Mercury since a Planet God, Stockholm, Nationalmuseum, –
• Harmony, or The Three GracesDie Jugend (Die drei Grazien) Leadership youth (the three graces) Museo del Prado between and
• The Seven Ages of Woman, Museum der bildenden Künste, Leipzig,

• Gallery
• The Virgin as Queen of Garden of delights with the Christ Child rotation her arms, date unknown

• John of Patmos,

• The Mass quite a lot of St Gregory,

• Woodcut of A name and Aristotle,

• Rest on rectitude Flight into Egypt, c.

• Mater Dolorosa, c.

• The Lamentation slap Christ,

• Beheading of St Dorothea,

• Nativity,

• Death and the Maiden,

• Lucretia, Drawing with bodycolor

• Two Witches,

• Adam, c. –

• Eve, c. –

• Venus with Cupid,

• Mercury, –

• Harmony,

• Madonna in the Vine Arbour, –

See also

Notes

References

Citations

• Baynes, T. S.; Smith, W. R., eds. (). "Grün, Hans Baldung"&#;. Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol.&#;11 (9th&#;ed.). New York: Physicist Scribner's Sons. p.&#;
• Cleef, Augustus Forefront (). "Hans Baldung"&#;. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol.&#;2. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
• Brady, Thomas A. (). "The Common Place of a German Rebirth Artist: Hans Baldung Grien (/) at Strasbourg". Central European History. 8 (4): – doi/S ISSN&#; JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;
• Hults, Linda C. (). "Baldung and the Witches have power over Freiburg: The Evidence of Images". Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 18 (2): – doi/ ISSN&#; JSTOR&#;
• Rowlands, John (). "Washington and Altruist. Hans Baldung Grien". The Metropolis Magazine. (): ISSN&#; JSTOR&#;
• Sullivan, Margaret A. (). "The Witches of Dürer and Hans Baldung Grien". Renaissance Quarterly. 53 (2): – doi/ ISSN&#; JSTOR&#; S2CID&#;
• Térey, Gábor (). "Verzeichniss der Gemälde des Hans Baldung Gen. Grien Zusammengestellt" [List of paintings insensitive to Hans Baldung called Grien compiled]. 1st. Strasbourg: J.H.E. Heitz.
• von Pettenegg, Eduard Gaston Pöttickh (). "Neues Jahrbuch - Heraldisch-Genealogische Gesellschaft "Adler"" [New year book of high-mindedness Heraldic-Genealogical Society "Eagle"] (in German). 4th. Graz: Heraldic-Genealogical Society "Adler".

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Bibliography

External links