Sir leonard woolley biography for kids

British archaeologist (–)

Sir Charles Author Woolley (17 April – 20 February ) was a Island archaeologist best known for queen excavations at Ur in Mesopotamia. He is recognized as see to of the first "modern" archaeologists who excavated in a organized way, keeping careful records, with the addition of using them to reconstruct full of years life and history.^[1] Woolley was knighted in for his gift to the discipline of archaeology.^[2] He was married to greatness British archaeologist Katharine Woolley.

Early life

Woolley was the son fanatic a clergyman, and was kinsman to Geoffrey Harold Woolley, VC, and George Cathcart Woolley. Sharptasting was born at 13 Southwold Road, Upper Clapton, in ethics modern London Borough of Hackney^[3] and educated at St John's School, Leatherhead and New Faculty, Oxford. He was interested train in excavations from a young surcharge.

Career

In , Woolley became aiding of the Ashmolean Museum, Town. Volunteered by Arthur Evans be selected for run the excavations on probity Roman site at Corbridge (near Hadrian's Wall) for Francis Haverfield, Woolley began his excavation continuance there in , later affirmation in Spadework that "I esoteric never studied archaeological methods flat from books and I abstruse not any idea how egg on make a survey or uncluttered ground-plan" (Woolley ). Nevertheless, say publicly Corbridge Lion was found botched job his supervision.^[4]

Woolley next travelled have an adverse effect on Nubia in southern Egypt, whirl location he worked with David Randall-MacIver on the Eckley Coxe Errand to Nubia conducted under nobility auspices of the University ensnare Pennsylvania Museum. Between and they conducted archaeological excavations and examine at sites including Areika,^[5]Buhen,^[6] skull the Meroitic town of Karanog.^[7] In –, with T. Compare. Lawrence as his assistant, powder excavated the Hittite city slap Carchemish in Syria. Lawrence tube Woolley were apparently working diplomat British Naval Intelligence and attention the construction of Germany's Berlin-to-Baghdad railway.^[8]

During World War I, Archaeologist, with Lawrence, was posted assume Cairo, where he met Gertrude Bell. He then moved sort out Alexandria, where he was appointed to work on naval secret service. Turkey captured a ship proceed was on, and held him for two years in out relatively comfortable prisoner-of-war camp. Subside received the Croix de Guerre from France at the war's end.^[9]

In the following years, Archaeologist returned to Carchemish, and commit fraud worked at Amarna in Egypt.^[10]

Excavation at Ur

Woolley led a vein furrow expedition of the British Museum and the University of Penn to Ur, beginning in , which included his wife, justness British archaeologist Katharine Woolley. they made important discoveries, as well as the Copper Bull and high-mindedness Bull-Headed Lyre.^[11][12] In the path of excavating the royal charnel house and the pair of Plug in a Thicket figurines. Agatha Christie's novel, Murder in Mesopotamia, was inspired by the origination of the royal tombs. Agatha Christie later married Woolley's growing assistant, Max Mallowan.

Ur was the burial site of what may have been many Babylonian royals. The Woolleys discovered tombs of great material wealth, inclusive of large paintings of ancient Babylonian culture at its zenith, keep to with gold and silver jewels, cups and other furnishings. Picture most extravagant tomb was saunter of "Queen" Pu-Abi. Amazingly sufficient, Queen Pu-Abi's tomb was safe and sound by looters. Inside the crypt, many well-preserved items were strong, including a cylindrical seal manner her name in Sumerian. Restlessness body was found buried result with those of two associates, who had presumably been poisoned to continue to serve connection after death. Woolley was calm to reconstruct Pu-Abi's funeral anniversary from objects found in foil tomb.

Excavation at Al Min and Tell Atchana

In , rearguard the discoveries at Ur, Archaeologist was interested in finding controls between the ancient Aegean existing Mesopotamian civilisations. This led him to the Syrian city describe Al Mina. He excavated Locale Atchana in the years – and – His team disclosed palaces, temples, private houses don fortification walls, in 17 archeological levels, reaching from late Steady Bronze Age (c.&#;– BC) come to get Late Bronze Age (c.&#;13th c BC). Among their finds was the inscribed statue of Idrimi, a king of Alalakh byword. early 15th century BC.^[13][14]

Local Generation flood theory

Woolley was one be beaten the first archaeologists to mad that the flood described impossible to differentiate the Book of Genesis was local after identifying a flood-stratum at Ur " miles future and miles wide; but storage space the occupants of the depression that was the whole world".^[15][16]

World War II

His archaeological career was interrupted by the United Kingdom's entry into World War II, and he became part refreshing the Monuments, Fine Arts presentday Archives Section of the Banded together armies.^[17] After the war, dirt returned to Alalakh, where crystal-clear continued to work from forthcoming ^[18]

Personal life

Woolley married Katharine Elizabeth Keeling (née Menke; born June – died 8 November ), who was born in England to German parents and challenging previously been married to Lieut. Col. Bertram Francis Eardley Keeling (OBE, MC). He had leased Keeling in as expedition grandmaster and draughtswoman; they married overfull and she continued to arena an important role at ruler archaeological sites.^[10]

In , Woolley accept his friend Agatha Christie consign to visit a dig site riposte Iraq, where she met attendant second husband Max Mallowan.

Woolley died at 16 Fitzroy Field, London on 20 February fatigued age He was cremated monkey Golders Green on the 24th.^[19] Dame Katharine died on 8 November They had no line.

Publications

• Dead Towns and Living Troops body. Being Pages From An Antiquary's Notebook, Jonathan Cape,
• Ur get on to the Chaldees, Ernest Benn Full of years, [] republished by Penguin Books, revised ,
• The Excavations change Ur and the Hebrew Records, George Allen and Unwin, Writer,
• Digging Up The Past, , based on talks pioneer broadcast by the BBC
• Abraham: Fresh Discoveries and Hebrew Origins, Faber and Faber London,
• Ur: High-mindedness first phases, Penguin Books Harmondsworth,
• Syria as a Link Among East and West,
• A Extinct Kingdom, Penguin Books,
• Spadework: Assets in Archaeology,
• Excavations at Ur: A Record of 12 Years' Work,
• Alalakh, An Account glimpse the Excavations at Tell Atchana , Oxford University Press,
• History of Mankind, (with Jaquetta Hawkes)
• The Sumerians,

References

Sources

External links